Malignant tumors are a major disease in my country, with frequent occurrences and a high fatality rate. The annual number of cancer incidences has exceeded 2.5 million, and the deaths have exceeded 1.4 million. It has become a major disease that seriously endangers the health of the people. According to data released by the National Cancer Center in 2020, deaths from malignant tumors in my country account for 30% of all deaths among residents, and cancer has become the leading cause of death in my country. With the increase in the number of cancer patients (tumor incidence rates increase at a rate of 3%-5% each year), the overall 5-year survival rate for cancer in my country is 40.5%. In other words, nearly 60% of cancer patients cannot achieve clinical cure. Recurrence and metastasis are important reasons why cancer patients cannot be cured. According to data from the International Cancer Research Center (IARC) of the World Health Organization, the number of cancer cases in China has increased from 3.95 million in 2015 to 4.57 million in 2020. On average, 10,000 people are diagnosed with cancer every day, and 7 people get cancer every minute. Therefore, the incidence and death rate of cancer in my country are the highest in the world.
In recent years, tumor biology research has made great progress, but the research on the mechanism of tumor occurrence and metastasis and anti-tumor treatment still needs to be broken. Biosciences) As a key development direction, it aims to establish a world-leading tumor research and transformation center, establish a world-class tumor research and forwarding team, understand the characteristics and laws of tumor biology, and especially clarify the various aspects of tumor development. This kind of molecular event and its regulation mechanism, and then find out the ideal diagnostic technique, design effective treatment method.
In the direction of tumor biology, the medical school has begun to take shape, with frequent scientific research results, and it has reached the international leading level in terms of platform hardware facilities. In the next 5 years, Tsinghua will continue to recruit world-class tumor biologists, strengthen the strategy of research bases and team cooperation, strengthen the focus on key diseases and key scientific/technical issues, further cross-integrate and actively open up Cooperation with domestic and foreign hospitals, pharmaceutical companies and scientific research institutions. Key research directions include: basic theory innovation of tumor biology, tumorigenesis and metastasis mechanisms such as signal pathways and regulation inside and outside cancer cells, tumor genomics and epigenetics, tumor animal models, tumor immunity such as tumor microenvironment Various cell regulation mechanisms, tumor-related technology development and application, tumor precision treatment, etc.; cooperate with Tsinghua University Institute of Immunology, Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, and various affiliated hospitals of Tsinghua University to promote the combination of basic research and clinical diagnosis and treatment, At the same time, it is looking for more clinical partners, establishing a joint translational medicine research center, and actively translating research results through extensive cooperation with the medical field.
